• In a medium bowl, combine chopped bitter gourd with 1 teaspoon salt. Mix well, cover and refrigerate overnight or for at least 6~8 hours.
• When ready to cook, rinse the bitter gourd under water. Then drain and squeeze the extra water from the bitter gourd and set aside.

Pressure Cooker Method:

• Heat oil in a pressure cooker on medium heat. Add fenugreek seeds, cumin seeds and curry leaves. Once the seeds start to splutter, add the onions and green chilies. Cook till the onions are translucent and turning lightly brown around the edges, about 4~5 minutes.

  Stir in the ginger-garlic paste and cook for 1 minute.
• Add the drained bitter gourd and sauté for 5~6 minutes or until the pieces are slightly tender. Stir in salt, red chili powder, ground coriander and the chopped tomatoes. Mix well and cook for about 2~3 minutes until tomatoes are mushy. Stir in the water.
• Close the lid and cook for 1~2 whistles. Let the pressure release naturally, open the lid and add the jaggery (if using) and mix well. If the gravy is looks too thin, then cook till you get the desired consistency. Garnish with chopped cilantro and serve with steamed rice.

Instant Pot Method:

• Select 'Saute' and once the pot is hot, pour in the oil. Add fenugreek seeds and cumin seeds. Once the seeds start to splutter, add the onions and green chilies. Cook till the onions are translucent and turning lightly brown around the edges, about 3~4 minutes.

  Stir in the ginger-garlic paste and cook for 1 minute.
• Add the drained bitter gourd and sauté for 5~6 minutes or until the pieces are slightly tender. Stir in salt, red chili powder, ground coriander and the chopped tomatoes. Mix well and cook for about 2~3 minutes until tomatoes are mushy. Stir in the water.
• Place the lid on, lock it and close the steam valve. Turn off the Sauté mode and set the timer for 2 minutes on high pressure.

  When the timer sounds, natural release the steam for 5 minutes, then quick release the remainder.
• Add the jaggery (if using) and mix well. If the gravy is looks too thin, then cook on Sauté mode till you get the desired consistency. Garnish with chopped cilantro and serve with steamed rice.